Who Has Sole Power to Impeach

Updated Feb 23, 2023 1-2 min read Written by: HuiJue Group South Africa
Who Has Sole Power to Impeach

The Constitutional Cornerstone

Let's cut through the noise: the US House of Representatives holds what you might call the "nuclear option" of American politics. Article I, Section 2 of the Constitution explicitly grants this body sole power to impeach federal officials. But here's the kicker – they're basically the grand jury, not the judge. Once they vote to impeach, the Senate takes over as courtroom.

Now, wait a second – does this mean any random representative can start impeachment proceedings? Not exactly. The process usually begins with:

  • House committee investigations
  • Judiciary Committee hearings
  • Full House majority vote

Impeachment in Global Context: A US Exclusive?

While America's system seems unique, Brazil's 2016 impeachment of President Dilma Rousseff shows similar congressional dynamics. However, in the UK, Parliament can technically remove judges – but it's more of a ceremonial power these days. The US House's exclusive impeachment authority remains unusually potent compared to most democracies.

The Johnson Precedent: A Near-Miss in History

Remember 1868? Andrew Johnson survived removal by just one Senate vote. This historical cliffhanger proves why the House's impeachment power shouldn't be taken lightly. Fast forward to 2021 – Trump's second impeachment demonstrated how this constitutional tool has evolved in the social media age.

Modern Challenges to Impeachment Authority

Here's where it gets sticky: What happens when public opinion clashes with constitutional duty? The House's sole authority to impeach faces new pressures:

  • 24/7 news cycle scrutiny
  • Partisan media ecosystems
  • Social media misinformation campaigns

Take the 2019 Ukraine scandal. While the House ultimately impeached Trump, the process revealed how modern political warfare can distort constitutional mechanisms originally designed for slower-paced governance.

Case Study: When Congress Flexed Its Muscle

Let's break down the Nixon scenario. The House Judiciary Committee had already approved three articles of impeachment in 1974 when Nixon resigned. This historical "what if" still haunts modern presidencies. Could today's Congress act with similar bipartisan resolve? That's the million-dollar question.

5 Burning Questions About Impeachment Power

Q: Can the House impeach someone after they leave office?
A: The Senate debated this exact issue during Trump's second trial – ultimately proceeding with the trial.

Q: Does impeachment always mean removal from office?
A: Not at all! Impeachment is like an indictment – removal requires separate Senate conviction.

Q: Can Supreme Court justices be impeached?
A: Absolutely. The Constitution makes no exceptions for judicial branch members.

Q: How many votes are needed to impeach?
A: A simple House majority – 218 votes if all members are present.

Q: Has any president survived impeachment then been re-elected?
A: Yes! Bill Clinton won re-election two years after his Senate acquittal.

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Let's cut through the noise: the House of Representatives holds what the framers called "the sole power of impeachment" under Article I, Section 2 of the U.S. Constitution. But wait, doesn't the Senate get involved too? Well, here's the kicker – while the House acts as prosecutor, the Senate serves as judge. This separation was no accident. The founders feared concentrating too much power in one body, sort of like how you wouldn't want one company controlling all solar panel manufacturing.

What Does the House Have Sole Power to Do?

What Does the House Have Sole Power to Do?

When asking what does the House have sole power to do, we're really digging into the engine room of American democracy. The Constitution grants the House three unique authorities that even the Senate can't touch:

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